Giant Oscars are widely distributed throughout the Amazon and Orinoco River basins, with significant populations found in the slow-moving waterways and floodplains of Brazil, Peru, Colombia, and Venezuela. They show remarkable adaptability, thriving in various water conditions from clear rivers to murky backwaters, making them one of the most successful cichlid species in South America.

The Giant Oscar (Astronotus ocellatus) is a member of the cichlid family, known for their intelligence and complex behavior patterns. These fish are territorial and typically solitary or found in pairs, especially during breeding seasons. They are opportunistic carnivores, feeding primarily on smaller fish, insects, and crustaceans, though they will also consume some plant matter. Their hunting strategy involves ambushing prey from within dense cover, using their powerful bodies to make quick, short-distance attacks. During the rainy season, they often move into flooded forests and oxbow lakes where food is abundant, showing seasonal adaptations in their feeding and breeding behaviors.