Amazon Fish Encyclopedia
The Striped Predator
Shovelnose Tiger Catfish
Amazon
Fish Species Guide
Species Fact Sheet
Shovelnose Tiger Catfish Information
The Shovelnose Tiger Catfish, natively called Sorubim (Soh-Ruh-Bim) is one of the most visually striking fish in the Amazon, known for its elongated, flattened head, tiger-like stripes, and aggressive predatory nature. This species is a highly sought-after trophy fish due to its strong fights and powerful bursts of speed. It is an ambush predator that thrives in murky waters, using its keen senses to detect prey hidden in the depths.
Catch Distribution
The estimated potential yield for Sorubim is approximately 5,950 tons, with four key fishery regions contributing to 88% of this total. The Brazilian-Colombian-Peruvian Border accounts for 34%, followed by the Central Amazon at 22%, the Peruvian Amazon at 19%, and the Lower Amazon at 12%.
Natural History
The Sorubim commercial fish group includes Pseudoplatystoma fasciatum, P. reticulatum, and P. tigrinum. These species are primarily piscivorous and exhibit complex migratory behaviors. The Amazon River and its major tributaries influence their movements, with each system displaying slightly different migratory patterns. However, these variations have yet to be studied in detail.
Habitat & Distribution
Distribution of Sorubim catch. Source: Barthem, R., Goulding, M. 2007. An unexpected ecosystem: the Amazon as revealed by fisheries. Missouri Botanical Garden Press.
The Shovelnose Catfish is found throughout the Amazon and Orinoco River basins, favoring slow-moving waters, deep pools, and flooded forests. These catfish are nocturnal hunters, spending the day hidden in cover before coming out at night to feed.
- • Submerged tree roots
- • Deep pools and structures
- • Perfect ambush spots
- • Dense vegetation cover
- • Seasonal hunting grounds
- • Rich in prey species
- • Most active at night
- • Hides during day
- • Specialized night hunter
Behavior & Diet
The Shovelnose Tiger Catfish is an aggressive predator that actively hunts at night using its whisker-like barbels to detect movement and vibrations in murky waters. Unlike other catfish that scavenge, the Shovelnose relies on speed and ambush tactics to catch its prey, making it an exciting species for anglers.
- • Primary prey species
- • Active hunting strategy
- • Perfect size for ambush
- • Shrimp and crabs
- • Bottom-dwelling prey
- • Regular food source
- • Frogs and tadpoles
- • Surface hunting
- • Opportunistic catches
- • Various species
- • Supplementary diet
- • Easy to catch
Unlike typical scavenging catfish, the Shovelnose Tiger Catfish is a swift predator, using speed and ambush tactics to catch its prey.
Fishing Techniques & Best Practices
Catching a Shovelnose Tiger Catfish requires stealth, patience, and strong tackle. These fish are known for explosive runs and will fight hard once hooked.
Best Techniques
- Live Bait Fishing: Using small fish or shrimp to attract strikes
- Bottom Fishing: Dropping cut bait in deep pools
- Drift Fishing: Letting bait move naturally along the riverbed
Recommended Gear
- Rod: Medium-heavy to heavy baitcasting or spinning rod (20-50 lb test)
- Reel: Large-capacity reel with a smooth drag system
- Line: Braided 50-80 lb test with a strong fluorocarbon leader
- Bait: Live fish (piranha, baitfish), fresh cut bait, or shrimp
Expect long runs and powerful bursts, as these fish use their speed and stamina to evade capture.
Conservation & Sustainability
While the Shovelnose Tiger Catfish is not currently endangered, overfishing and habitat destruction have affected local populations in some regions. Many anglers now practice catch-and-release to ensure the survival of this species. As sport fishing grows in the Amazon, sustainable practices help maintain healthy populations for future generations of anglers.
Best Practices for Catch & Release
Use barbless hooks to minimize injury during release
Keep handling to a minimum and avoid excessive stress
Hold the fish horizontally to avoid damaging internal organs
Ensure fish is strong enough before final release
Cultural Significance & Fun Facts
Popular Game Fish
The Shovelnose Catfish is highly regarded among Amazonian locals for its fighting spirit and delicious meat.
Symbol of Strength
In some regions, it is considered a symbol of strength due to its remarkable endurance and speed.
Active Hunter
Unlike most catfish, the Shovelnose actively chases prey, making it one of the fastest hunters in its family.
Culinary Value
In local markets, its firm, white flesh is highly valued for cooking and considered a delicacy.
